The community health nurse is preparing for an educational session on AD for a group of seniors. Which modifiable risk factors should the nurse include? (Select all that apply.)
a. Family history c. Smoking
b. Sex d. Obesity
C, D
Smoking cessation and obesity are both modifiable risk factors. The focus of research on AD is on the interaction between risk-factor genes and lifestyle or environmental factors. Increasing evidence strongly points to the potential risk roles of vascular risk factors (VRFs) and disorders (e.g., midlife obesity, dyslipidemia, hypertension, cigarette smoking, obstructive sleep apnea, diabetes, cerebrovascular lesions) and the potential protective roles of psychosocial factors (e.g., higher education, regular exercise, healthy diet, intellectually challenging leisure activities, so-cially active and integrated lifestyle) in the pathogenesis and clinical manifestations of dementia (especially AD and vascular cognitive impairment). Family history and sex are not modifiable.
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At a local seminar discussing healthcare resources, the nurse discusses the phenomenon that healthcare resources are declining while costs for health care are increasing
An older adult in attendance asks the speaker why it has become so difficult to obtain needed care and services. Which response by the nurse is the most appropriate? A) "There is increased cost due to the increased incidence of malpractice lawsuits." B) "There is a decrease in the number of adults needing care." C) "There are not enough medications produced for those who need them." D) "There are plenty of nurses but not enough doctors."
An older client is prescribed an inhaled corticosteroid as part of treatment for asthma. What will the nurse instruct the client about the use of this medication? Select all that apply.
1. It can cause oral thrush or candidiasis. 2. Use a spacer when taking this medication. 3. It has no effect on any other health problems. 4. Rinse the mouth and spit after using this medication. 5. It is the most effective anti-inflammatory treatment for asthma.
A patient has recently been diagnosed with end-stage renal disease. The patient has cried often throughout the day and finally confides in the nurse that "I am going home to be with my Lord." The nurse's best response is
a. "There is no reason to believe the end is near." b. "Do you want me to call your family?" c. "We have a wonderful chaplain if you'd like me to call him." d. "I think this is the time for us to pray together."