Which of the following statements refers to the theory associated with biotrauma as a mechanism of VILI?
A. O2 radicals contribute to the disruption of the alveolar-capillary membrane.
B. Neutrophils and alveolar macrophages directly reduce the integrity of the alveolar-capillary membrane.
C. Increased inflammatory mediators in the lungs perpetuate and worsen lung injury.
D. High alveolar pressure causes the alveoli to stretch and disrupt the alveolar-capillary membrane.
?ANS: C
A. Incorrect response: See explanation C.
B. Incorrect response: See explanation C.
C. Correct response: The hypothesis of biotrauma as a mechanism of VILI is that the same injurious large tidal volumes cause barrier disruption and results in the release of inflammatory mediators in the lungs, thus perpetuating or worsening lung injury. The theory further proposes that these inflammatory mediators enter the systemic circulation and contribute to the development of multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS).
D. Incorrect response: See explanation C.
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