A patient with a suspected closed head injury has bloody nasal drainage. The nurse suspects that this patient has a cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leak when observing which of the following?
A) A halo sign on the nasal drip pad
B) Decreased blood pressure and urinary output
C) A positive reading for glucose on a Test-tape strip
D) Clear nasal drainage along with the bloody discharge
Answer: A) Halo sign on the nasal drip pad
When drainage containing both CSF and blood is allowed to drip onto a white pad, within a few minutes the blood will coalesce into the center, and a yellowish ring of CSF will encircle the blood, giving a halo effect. The presence of glucose would be unreliable for determining the presence of CSF because blood also contains glucose.
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The assessments that indicate a fluid volume excess in a patient in the acute phase of a CVA is:
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A goal for children with spina bifida is to reduce the chance of allergy development. What is a priority nursing intervention?
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The patient's heart rate is 58, so the Digoxin should be ______________
Fill in the blank(s) with correct word