Which of the following is NOT true?
a. A direct replication adds little to our understanding of a phenomenon.
b. A systematic replication is a form of converging operations.
c. A conceptual replication can clarify the boundary conditions under which an event will occur.
d. Systematic and conceptual replications add to our confidence in the reliability of an experimental result.
A
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One factor that did not seem related to the amount of obedience exhibited in the Milgram obedience study was the
a. participant's sex. b. proximity of the learner to the teacher. c. location of the study. d. physical presence of the experimenter.
Which tactic will NOT lessen the chances that groupthink will occur?
a. having the leader give his/her own opinions after discussion b. increasing the cohesiveness of the group c. breaking the group up into subgroups that meet separately d. consider the problem and possible solutions in two or more meetings e. consulting outside experts
Estella is afraid of cats. To help her overcome her fear, her mother calmly pets and strokes a cat while Estella is watching. Her mother encourages her to imitate her behavior. Estella's mother is using ________________
A) systematic desensitization B) aversive conditioning C) flooding D) modeling
Bigelow's (1977) study examining friendships found that first-graders most frequently report ________ as the most important characteristic in a best friend
A) physical appearance B) common activities C) shared personal characteristics D) social status