Endocarditis and rheumatic heart disease are both cardiac complications of systemic infections. Characteristics include a new or changed heart murmur caused by:
A) Chronic atrial fibrillation
B) Myocardial inflammation
C) Left ventricle hypertrophy
D) Vegetative valve destruction
Ans: D
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Murmurs are sounds produced by blood flow through incompetent valves. Both infective endocarditis and carditis of rheumatic heart disease are characterized by growth of vegetation on valve leaflets, causing destruction, regurgitation, and murmur. Atrial fibrillation is a conduction disorder that impairs atrial emptying rather than valve function. Myocardial inflammation is present but does not cause murmurs. Valve dysfunctions can chronically decrease emptying and lead to left ventricular hypertrophy.
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