Describe the dimensions identified in the GLOBE study and how those dimensions relate to the Hofstede study.

Question

What will be an ideal response?

Answer 1

The first four GLOBE dimensions are described as direct extensions of Hofstede’s work, with the
exception that GLOBE proposes two dimensions of collectivism. Also, even though GLOBE uses the label
uncertainty avoidance for one dimension, the GLOBE measure focuses more specifically on the use of
explicit procedures to handle uncertainty than does its counterpart in the Hofstede scheme. The GLOBE
and Hofstede measures of uncertainty avoidance are not correlated across countries. Two dimensions—
gender egalitarianism and assertiveness—can be seen as reconceptualizations of Hofstede’s
masculinity–femininity dimension. The final dimension—performance orientation—links to Hofstede’s
masculinity construct.
GLOBE dimensions are
• Institutional collectivism: The degree to which organizational and societal institutional
practices encourage and reward collective distribution of resources and collective action
• In-group collectivism: The degree to which individuals express pride, loyalty, and
cohesiveness in their organizations or families
• Power distance: The degree to which members of a collective expect power to be
distributed equally
• Uncertainty avoidance: The extent to which a society, organization, or group relies on social
norms, rules, and procedures to alleviate unpredictability of future events
• Gender egalitarianism: The degree to which a collective minimizes gender inequality
• Assertiveness: The degree to which individuals are assertive, confrontational, and aggressive
in their relationships with others
• Humane orientation: The degree to which a collective encourages and rewards individuals
for being fair, altruistic, generous, caring, and kind to others
• Future orientation: The extent to which individuals engage in future-oriented behaviors,
such as delayed gratification, planning, and investing in the future
• Performance orientation: the degree to which a collective encourages and rewards group
members for performance improvement and excellence.