A 16-year-old girl comes to the clinic complaining of severe menstrual cramps. The girl is concerned about the pain and worried that "something is wrong
" The nurse explains to the patient that she has cramping during her menstrual period because of what? A) An increase in the levels of estrogen and progesterone, which cause uterine contractions
B) Low levels of plasminogen in the uterus that cause the shedding of the lining of the uterus
C) Prostaglandins in the uterus, which stimulate uterine contractions to clamp off vessels as the lining of her uterus sheds
D) An increase in progesterone and a decrease of estrogen cause the lining of the uterus to slough away
C
Feedback:
Prostaglandins in the uterus stimulate uterine contractions to clamp off vessels in the lining of the uterus, which is the cause of the cramping. The decrease of estrogen and progesterone after the involution of the corpus luteum triggers the release of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH). The decreased levels of FSH and LH cause the inner lining of the uterus to slough off because the vascular system is no longer being stimulated. High, not low, levels of plasminogen in the uterus prevent clotting of the lining as the vessels shear off.
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