How is the development of autoimmunity normally prevented?
A) T lymphocytes that respond to autoantigens in the thymus undergo clonal deletion.
B) T lymphocytes require a specific set of cytokine signals to become activated.
C) Regulatory T cells suppress autoimmune responses.
D) Clonal deletion of T cells and regulatory T cell suppression prevent autoreactive T cell activation.
E) Clonal deletion of T cells, lack of necessary cytokine signals, and regulatory T cell suppression prevent activation of autoreactive T cells.
E
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In a food chain with four trophic levels, what would be the energy in the top trophic level if the energy contained in the primary producer level is 40,000 kcal/m2/yr? Assume a trophic level transfer efficiency of 10%.
A. 4,000 kcal/m2/yr B. 400 kcal/m2/yr C. 40 kcal/m2/yr D. 4 kcal/m2/yr E. 0.4 kcal/m2/yr Clarify Question · What is the key concept addressed by the question? · What type of thinking is required? Gather Content · What do you already know about energy flow? Choose Answer · Given what you now know, what information and/or problem solving approach is most likely to produce the correct answer? Reflect on Process · Did your problem-solving process lead you to the correct answer? If not, where did the process break down or lead you astray? How can you revise your approach to produce a more desirable result?
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A. tropical dry forest B. taiga C. temperate rain forest D. savanna E. tropical rain forest
Which of the following destroys virus-infected cells?
A) CTL B) Treg C) TH D) dendritic cells E) B cells