Which of the following schedules of reinforcement involves providing a reinforcer based on an average number of appropriate responses?
a. Fixed ratio schedule
b. Variable ratio schedule
c. Fixed interval schedule
d. Variable interval schedule
e. Continuous reinforcement
Answer: B
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Which of the following is not a secondary reinforcer?
A. high grades B. money C. shelter D. a gold star
Gordon wears the same blue shirt to class each time he has a major test because he believes that wearing that shirt will assure him an "A" just like he got on the first test when he was wearing this blue shirt. This illustrates
a. an unconditioned response. b. a primary reinforcer. c. a superstitious behavior. d. successive approximations.
If a trait were primarily influenced by genetic variables, we would expect to see
a. adopted children who are more similar to their biological parents in the trait than to their adoptive parents. b. adopted children who are more similar to their adoptive parents in the trait than to their biological parents c. strong similarities between adoptive and biological parents. d. strong similarities between adoptive children and their adoptive siblings.
In the context of emotion, peripheralist theory is to centralist theory as
a. Robert Zajonc is to Carl Lange. b. Stanley Schachter is to Richard Lazarus. c. William James is to Walter Cannon. d. Stanley Schachter is to Paul Ekman.