Endochondral ossification
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Forms essentially all bones inferior to the base of skull, except clavicles. Begins late in month 2 of development. Uses previously formed hyaline cartilage models. Requires breakdown of hyaline cartilage prior to ossification. Begins at primary ossification center in center of the shaft. Blood vessels infiltrate perichondrium, converting it to periosteum. Mesenchymal cells specialize into osteoblasts.
Forms long bones, some short. Hyaline cartilage model. Two ossification centers. Primary is in the mid diaphysis, secondary is in the epiphyses, cartilage between the 2 ossification centers is in the epiphyseal plate plate and is the last part to ossify
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