In the context of fluid balance and electrolytes, which of the following statements is true of sodium?
A. Sodium plays a major role in maintaining normal fluid balance.
B. The kidneys help maintain normal levels of sodium in plasma and other body fluids.
C. Significant loss of sodium through vomiting and diarrhea reduces extracellular fluid volume.
D. All of these statements are correct.
Answer: D
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A nursing instructor is explaining safety issues for preschoolers and school-age children. The instructor realizes that a student requires additional instruction when the student begins focusing on
1. Playground safety. 2. Choking prevention. 3. Stranger danger. 4. Water safety.
The nurse informs a high school class that one of the differences between an emergency situation and a disaster is that, in an emergency situation:
a. fewer than 50 people require emergent treatment. b. the community emergency rooms can meet the need. c. there is no need for a prearranged man-agement plan. d. the community population is not affected by the event.
A client asks if he could use an over-the-counter bulk-type laxative. Which assessment finding would cause the nurse to tell the client not to use this drug?
1. The client is over age 60. 2. The client takes warfarin every other day. 3. The client has type 2 diabetes. 4. The client has a history of fecal impaction. 5. The client is allergic to penicillin.
A nurse who is working in a long-term care facility recognizes that safety concerns in the elderly population are most often related to normal changes in which of the following systems?
1. Cardiovascular 2. Peripheral-vascular 3. Integumentary 4. Sensory