Preconception counseling is critical to the outcome of diabetic pregnancies because poor glycemic control before and during early pregnancy is associated with
a. Frequent episodes of maternal hypoglycemia
b. Congenital anomalies in the fetus
c. Polyhydramnios
d. Hyperemesis gravidarum
B
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A Frequent episodes of maternal hypoglycemia may occur during the first trimester
(not before conception) as a result of hormone changes and the effects on insulin
production and usage.
B Preconception counseling is particularly important because strict metabolic
control before conception and in the early weeks of gestation is instrumental in
decreasing the risks of congenital anomalies.
C Hydramnios occurs about 10 times more often in diabetic pregnancies than in
nondiabetic pregnancies. Typically, it is seen in the third trimester of pregnancy.
D Hyperemesis gravidarum may exacerbate hypoglycemic events as the decreased
food intake by the mother and glucose transfer to the fetus contribute to
hypoglycemia.
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