What is the major difference between social constructionism and constructivism?
A. Social constructionism focuses on the meaning of social relationships for the client; constructivism pays close attention to meaning-making constructs produced by a client.
B. Constructivism focuses on client’s ability to construct relationships with others; social constructionism pays close attention to the social context and maintenance of relationships with others.
C. Constructivism focuses on the meaning-making constructs produced by a client; social constructionism pays close attention to the client’s social environment.
D. Social constructionism focuses on the meaning-making constructs produced by a client; constructivism pays close attention to the client’s social environment.
C. Constructivism focuses on the meaning-making constructs produced by a client; social constructionism pays close attention to the client’s social environment.
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Which of the following is true of grief in children and adolescents?
a. children and adolescents grieve similarly b. children and adolescents prefer to grieve individually c. children and adolescents should to be excused from classes to grieve d. children and adolescents have an inability to process abstract reasoning
What item is NOT listed by Norcross and Newman (1992) as a reason for the trend toward eclecticism?
a. Decrease is specialized training in traditional educational settings b. Research supports similar efficacy across a variety of approaches c. No one theory can address all d. Short-term counseling has necessitated modification of theories
From the research on consultation, we can conclude (at least tentatively) that:
a. consultees in general prefer an expert model b. consultants may be influenced in their selecting of models by consultee gender c. administrators are not enthusiastic about consultation versus direct service d. consultants are seen as more effective if they have a take charge attitude
The term used to describe justifying counseling programs in terms of money and efficiency is:
a. Financial responsibility b. Accountability c. Auditing d. Fiscal evaluation