An important element in scaffolded strategy instruction is Vygotsky's idea of the zone
of proximal development. Which of the following is the best description of the ZPD?
a. the exact level at which a child learns something new
b. the difference between the level of difficulty a child can cope with
independently and with a more advanced learner's help
c. the stage a child is at with respect to Piaget's 4-stage theory
d. the difference between the age of a child when a skill first develops versus the
expected age
b
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Refer to Exhibit 7-10. Is the proportion of people who like Cola A different from the proportion of people who like Cola B?
a. Chi Square b. Multifactor Analysis of Variance c. t-test for dependent means d. t-test for independent means e. None of these are true.
"Congruent sending" in relation to communication refers to
A) the written messages sent home with the parents. B) the similarity of what a person is thinking or feeling inside and what he communicates to the outside. C) the written messages sent home with the parents that address unusual behavior by the child. D) the classroom educational philosophy matching the families educational philosophy. E) the classroom educational philosophy matching the institutions educational philosophy.
Invented spelling
a. should be encouraged for young children. b. represents a child’s early attempts at spelling. c. encourages young children to produce more writing. d. allows a child to concentrate on the content of the writing. e. All of these.
You calculate a correlation coefficient (rather than a t-test or F-ratio) when the independent variable is ______ and the dependent variable is ______.
a. categorical; categorical b. categorical; continuous c. continuous; categorical d. continuous; continuous