What role does technology play in the fight against crime? What new crime-fighting technologies hold the most promise for combating high-technology crimes?
What will be an ideal response?
Criminal behavior evolves as technology evolves. Many offenders use new technologies in order to commit crimes, and often such behaviors have not been previously defined as being criminal. Criminal laws must be changed or created to account for these changes. The Office for Technology Assessment of the U.S. Congress notes, “What is judicially permissible and socially acceptable at one time has often been challenged when technology changes.” When agencies of the justice system use cutting-edge technology, it inevitably provokes fears of a future in which citizens’ rights are abrogated by advancing science. Individual rights, equal treatment under the law, and due process issues all require constant reinterpretation as technology improves. However, because some of the technology available today is so new, few court cases have yet directly addressed the issues involved. One hundred years ago, American police officers walked beats or rode horses and communicated by whistles and shouts. Criminal investigation was less scientific than intuitive, court cases were often resolved more on the popularity of the defendant than on the weight of the evidence, and American prisons were bleak edifices immersed in the industrial prison era. Today, American police officers walk beats or ride horses—or use automobiles, motorcycles, Segways, bicycles, boats, or aircraft. They have instant communication with other patrol members, their leaders at the precinct or departmental headquarters, the mayor, the governor, the Pentagon, or the president, if necessary, via an incredible communications network using satellite and computer communications. All manner of forensic and scientific resources remove guesswork from criminal investigations. Court cases are far more informed by precedent and constitutional considerations than ever before, but they continue to be strongly influenced by the economic status of the accused.
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Most criminologists and victimologists have known for years that delinquency occurs most often in the company of peers. This phenomenon has been labeled
a. group offending. b. companion offending. c. exchange theory. d. social learning theory.
Do you think the Court would have decided the Groh v. Ramirez (2004) case differently if the evidence police were looking for had been found or if the officers had relied on more than information from a concerned citizen to establish probable cause?
ATF Agent Groh and the dissenting justices in Groh's case argued if "an officer has obtained a [defective] warrant and abided by its terms," he acted in good faith and Groh should be immune from the Ramirez's civil suit. Do you agree? What will be an ideal response?
To be successful, a Hazard Analysis Critical Control Point system needs involvement and commitment from all staff members.
Answer the following statement true (T) or false (F)
Many restaurants that accept reservations will lose the use of tables for a period of time because the host reserves the tables correctly.
Answer the following statement true (T) or false (F)