The nursing faculty member who is explaining uterine atony to nursing students informs them of risk factors contributing to this condition. Which factors would place a woman at higher risk of uterine atony? (Select all that apply.)
A.
Forceps-assisted birth
B.
Trial of labor after a prior cesarean birth
C.
Multi-fetal gestation
D.
Oxytocin labor induction
E.
Use of magnesium sulfate
ANS: A, C, D, E
Multiple factors increase the risk of uterine atony, including trauma during birth from forceps or vacuum devices; uterine overdistention from multi-fetal gestation, hydramnios, or macrosomia; and the use of both oxytocin and magnesium sulfate. (Other risk factors can be found in Box 16-1.) A trial of labor after a prior cesarean birth is not a risk factor for uterine atony.
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