The propositional approach may use any of the following EXCEPT
A. abstract symbols.
B. an equation.
C. a spatial layout.
D. a statement.
Answer: C
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A divide between parents and adolescents in their attitudes, values, aspirations, and worldviews is known as __________.
A. autonomy B. maturity C. a communication breakdown D. a generation gap
In the year 2525, people are separated into groups. A standardized "Group A" IQ test has been developed, and results indicate that as a group, Group A people have an average IQ score that is 25 points higher than the Group B people. Which statement is an incorrect conclusion??
a. ?Any individual Group A person is more intelligent than any individual Group B person. b. ?These results may be explained by differences in the socioeconomic status between Group A and Group B people. c. ?These results may be explained by motivational differences based on how much value is placed on academic achievement. d. ?While genetic differences may contribute to IQ, any person may improve his or her own score if given the "right" environmental conditions.
In the expectancy theory of motivation in the workplace, ________ refers to the perception that performance will be rewarded and ________ refers to the perceived attractiveness of particular outcomes
a. valence; expectancy b. expectancy; instrumentality c. instrumentality; valence d. instrumentality; expectancy
In Lawrence Kohlberg's preconventional reasoning stage, good and bad are interpreted in terms of
A. social order, law, justice, and duty. B. social contract or utility. C. personal moral codes. D. external rewards and punishments.