The nurse is using a forced air warmer for a surgical patient preoperatively. Which goals is the nurse trying to achieve? (Select all that apply.)
a. Induce shivering.
b. Reduce blood loss.
c. Induce pressure ulcers.
d. Reduce cardiac arrests.
e. Reduce surgical site infection.
ANS: B, D, E
Evidence suggests that pre-warming for a minimum of 30 minutes may reduce the occurrence of hypothermia. Prevention of hypothermia (core temperature < 36° C) helps to reduce complications such as shivering, cardiac arrest, blood loss, SSI, pressure ulcers, and mortality.
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