In the context of substance use, which of the following is the significance of the animal research that led to the positive reinforcement model?
A. It proves that using one of the gateway substances causes one to escalate to more deviant forms of drug use.
B. It indicates that prescription drugs are important contributors to overall drug toxicity figures.
C. It points out the scientific value of the concept of reinforcement for understanding physical dependence.
D. It implies that psychological dependence is more important than physical dependence in explaining repeated drug use.
Answer: D
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