Why is common descent considered a scientific theory?
A) There is overwhelming evidence to support it from many areas of biology.
B) Scientists are reasonably sure it's true, but there's little evidence to support it.
C) It's an idea from more than 100 years ago and thus is not a modern idea.
D) It's the only idea about life on Earth that can be tested by observation of the material universe.
A
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Pyruvate is converted to ethanol and lactic acid during fermentation because organisms
a. need to recycle the electron carrier molecules needed for glycolysis. b. produce ATP when pyruvate is converted to ethanol or lactic acid. c. produce glucose when pyruvate is converted to ethanol or lactic acid. d. produce oxygen when pyruvate is converted to ethanol or lactic acid. e. produce water when pyruvate is converted to ethanol or lactic acid.
We can accurately determine the age of a rock or fossil by measuring its ____
a. proton concentration b. electron concentration c. neutron concentration d. isotope concentration e. ion concentration
Which statement characterizes mitochondria and chloroplasts?
a. Over 60% of the proteins required for mitochondrial or chloroplast function are encoded by genes that are found in the nucleus. b. Both mitochondria and chloroplasts contain genetic material. c. Over 80% of the proteins required for mitochondrial or chloroplast function are encoded by genes that are found in the nucleus. d. Neither mitochondria nor chloroplasts contain genetic material.
Which of the following does not act to increase the amount of calcium in the blood?
A. kidneys B. intestines C. calcitonin D. bones E. parathyroid hormone