Provide the answers to the problems in Step 6. Use the captured data to support your answers.
What will be an ideal response?
ping from PC1 to 10.0.1.21:
```
Router1>show bridge
Total of 300 station blocks, 298 free
Codes: P - permanent, S - self
Bridge Group 1:
Address Action Interface Age RX count TX count
0050.bf90.7d31 forward Ethernet0/1 0 3 2
0050.bf90.7d33 forward Ethernet0/0 0 3 3
Router2>show bridge
Total of 300 station blocks, 298 free
Codes: P - permanent, S - self
Bridge Group 1:
Address Action Interface Age RX count TX count
0050.bf90.7d31 forward Ethernet0/0 0 0 0
0050.bf90.7d33 forward Ethernet0/0 0 1 0
Router3>show bridge
Total of 300 station blocks, 299 free
Codes: P - permanent, S - self
Bridge Group 1:
Address Action Interface Age RX count TX count
0050.bf90.7d33 forward Ethernet0/1 0 1 0
```
PC1 pings PC2:
1. The ARP request sent by PC1 is received by the bridge router 1 on portA.
2. Router 1 makes an entry for PC1 in its MAC forwarding table and forwards the ARP request onto its portB.
3. The ARP request is received by both PC2 and Router 4.
4. Router 4 makes an entry for PC1 and forwards the request onto its portB, this request is then received
by Router3.
5. Router 3 makes an entry for PC1 and forwards the request onto its portB.
6. Meanwhile PC2 has replied to the ARP request. This request is received by both bridges Router1 and Router4.
7. Router 1 adds entry for PC2 into its MAC forwarding table. It determines that host PC1 is on a LAN segment reachable from portA, hence it forwards the response on portA. The response is received by PC1.
8. Router 4 adds entry for PC2 into its MAC forwarding table. It determines that host PC1 is on a LAN
segment reachable from portA, moreover the request from PC2 also came through portA, hence it
does not forward the packet.
9. The ICMP Echo request message sent by PC1 is forwarded by Router 1 on Port B and is received by
PC2. This message is not further forwarded.
10. The ICMP Echo response message sent by PC2 is forwarded by Router 1 on Port A and is received by PC1. This message is not further forwarded.
ping from PC2 to 10.0.1.11:
```
Router1>show bridge
Total of 300 station blocks, 298 free
Codes: P - permanent, S - self
Bridge Group 1:
Address Action Interface Age RX count TX count
0050.bf90.7d31 forward Ethernet0/1 1 6 5
0050.bf90.7d33 forward Ethernet0/0 1 6 6
Router2>show bridge
Total of 300 station blocks, 298 free
Codes: P - permanent, S - self
Bridge Group 1:
Address Action Interface Age RX count TX count
0050.bf90.7d31 forward Ethernet0/0 1 0 0
0050.bf90.7d33 forward Ethernet0/0 1 1 0
Router3>show bridge
Total of 300 station blocks, 299 free
Codes: P - permanent, S - self
Bridge Group 1:
Address Action Interface Age RX count TX count
0050.bf90.7d33 forward Ethernet0/1 1 1 0
```
PC2 pings PC1:
1. The ARP request sent by PC2 is received by both the bridges router 1 and router 2 on ports portB and
portA respectively.
2. Router 1 determines from its MAC forwarding table that PC1 is reachable through PortA and
forwards the ARP request through its portA. PC1 receives the ARP request
3. Router 4 determines from its MAC forwarding table that host PC1 is on a LAN segment reachable
from portA, moreover the request from PC2 also came through portA, hence it does not forward the
packet.
4. Meanwhile PC1 has replied to the ARP request. This request is received by both bridges Router1 and
Router4.
5. Router 1 adds entry for PC2 into its MAC forwarding table. It determines that host PC1 is on a LAN
segment reachable from portA, hence it forwards the response on portA. The response is received by
PC1.
6. Router 4 adds entry for PC2 into its MAC forwarding table. It determines that host PC1 is on a LAN segment reachable from portA, moreover the request from PC2 also came through portA, hence it does not forward the packet.
7. The ICMP Echo messages are exchanged in a manner similar to previous case.
The forwarding tables remain largely unchanged except the counters are refreshed.
ping from PC2 to 10.0.1.41:
```
Router1>show bridge
Total of 300 station blocks, 297 free
Codes: P - permanent, S - self
Bridge Group 1:
Address Action Interface Age RX count TX count
0050.bf90.7d31 forward Ethernet0/1 0 8 5
0050.bf90.7d33 forward Ethernet0/0 0 6 6
0004.75ad.04b8 forward Ethernet0/1 0 0 0
Router2>show bridge
Total of 300 station blocks, 297 free
Codes: P - permanent, S - self
Bridge Group 1:
Address Action Interface Age RX count TX count
0050.bf90.7d31 forward Ethernet0/0 0 3 3
0050.bf90.7d33 forward Ethernet0/0 0 1 0
0004.75ad.04b8 forward Ethernet0/1 0 3 2
Router3>show bridge
Total of 300 station blocks, 297 free
Codes: P - permanent, S - self
Bridge Group 1:
Address Action Interface Age RX count TX count
0050.bf90.7d31 forward Ethernet0/1 0 2 2
0050.bf90.7d33 forward Ethernet0/1 3 1 0
```
PC2 pings PC4:
1. The ARP request sent by PC2 is received by both the bridges router 1 and router 2 on ports portB and
portA respectively.
2. Router 1 forwards the request on portA, while Router 4 forwards it on PortB.
3. The ARP request is received by Router 3 on PortA. Router 3 makes an entry for PC1 and forwards
the request onto its portB.
4. PC4 receives the request and replies. This request is received by bridge Router4 on portB and
forwarded to portA. Router 4 adds entry for PC4 into its forwarding table.
5. The ARP response is received by Router 1 on portB. Router 1 adds entry for PC4 into its forwarding
table. Router 1 determines that PC2 is reachable through portB hence it does not forward the packet.
The ARP response is also received by PC2.
6. The ICMP Echo request message sent by PC2 is forwarded by Router 4 on Port B, and later by Router 3on PortB and is received by PC4.
7. The ICMP Echo response message sent by PC4 is forwarded by Router 3 on Port A, and later by Router 3on PortB and is received by PC2. This message is not further forwarded.
Thus the forwarding table is of the form:
Router1 Router4 Router3
portA portB portA portB portA portB
PC1 PC2 PC1 PC4 PC1 PC4
PC4 PC2 PC2
ping from PC3 to 10.0.1.21:
```
Router1>show bridge
Total of 300 station blocks, 296 free
Codes: P - permanent, S - self
Bridge Group 1:
Address Action Interface Age RX count TX count
0050.bf90.6774 forward Ethernet0/1 0 1 0
0050.bf90.7d31 forward Ethernet0/1 0 8 5
0050.bf90.7d33 forward Ethernet0/0 1 6 6
0004.75ad.04b8 forward Ethernet0/1 0 0 0
Router2>show bridge
Total of 300 station blocks, 296 free
Codes: P - permanent, S - self
Bridge Group 1:
Address Action Interface Age RX count TX count
0050.bf90.6774 forward Ethernet0/1 0 3 3
0050.bf90.7d31 forward Ethernet0/0 0 6 5
0050.bf90.7d33 forward Ethernet0/0 1 1 0
0004.75ad.04b8 forward Ethernet0/1 0 3 2
Router3>show bridge
Total of 300 station blocks, 296 free
Codes: P - permanent, S - self
Bridge Group 1:
Address Action Interface Age RX count TX count
0050.bf90.6774 forward Ethernet0/1 0 1 0
0050.bf90.7d31 forward Ethernet0/1 0 3 3
0050.bf90.7d33 forward Ethernet0/1 4 1 0
0004.75ad.04b8 forward Ethernet0/0 0 3 2
```
PC3 pings PC2:
1. The ARP request sent by PC3 is received by both the bridges router 4 and router 3 on ports portB and
portA respectively.
2. Router 4 forwards the request on portA, while Router 3 knows that PC2 is reachable through portA
and hence does not forward it. Both the bridges add PC3 to their forwarding tables.
3. The ARP request is received by Router 1 on portB. Router 1 adds entry for PC3 into its forwarding
table. Router 1 determines that PC2 is reachable through portB hence it does not forward the packet.
The ARP response is also received by PC2. PC2 sends the ARP response which is delivered to PC3.
4. The ICMP Echo request message sent by PC2 is forwarded by Router 4 on Port B and is received by PC4.
5. The ICMP Echo response message sent by PC3 is forwarded by Router 4 on Port A and is received by PC2. This message is not further forwarded.
Thus the forwarding table is of the form:
Router1 Router4 Router3
portA portB portA portB portA portB
PC1 PC2 PC1 PC4 PC1 PC4
PC4 PC2 PC3 PC2
PC3 PC3
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