Ventilator-acquired pneumonia (VAP) is defined as pneumonia that develops:
a. between 24 and 48 hours after endotracheal intubation.
b. more than 48 to 72 hours after endotracheal intubation.
c. less than 24 hours after mechanical ventilation is started.
d. more than 48 to 72 hours after mechanical ventilation is started.
B
When a patient is intubated and develops pneumonia more than 48 to 72 hours later, he or she is found to have VAP. The patient may not actually need mechanical ventilation. The likely cause of the pneumonia is microaspiration of oral secretions around the endotracheal tube cuff.
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