Which of the following statements best represents variation in racial and ethnic identification across countries?
a. Countries mostly categorize race and ethnicity in the same way.
b. Countries base racial and ethnic categorization on different traits, including skin color, cultural group membership, regional origin, and religion.
c. Countries vary widely in how they categorize racial and ethnic groups, although very few use skin color as a criterion.
d. Smaller nations tend to use skin color as a guide to categorizing racial and ethnic groups, whereas larger nations are more likely to define race and ethnicity based on religion or culture.
Answer: b. Countries base racial and ethnic categorization on different traits, including skin color, cultural group membership, regional origin, and religion.
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