Besides hyposecretion and hypersecretion, endocrine system dysfunction can result from:
a. abnormal receptor activity.
b. abnormal hormone levels.
c. increased synthesis of second messengers.
d. extracellular electrolyte alterations.
ANS: A
Dysfunction may result from abnormal cell receptor function or from altered intracellular re-sponse to the hormone-receptor complex. Abnormal hormone levels can occur but are not the cause of endocrine dysfunction. Intracellular storage of second-messenger hormones would not lead to dysfunction; receptor function does. Extracellular electrolyte alterations may result from dysfunction, but they are not a cause.
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