The results of a meta-analysis that is discussed in your text find that people with comorbid schizophrenia and substance use disorders have fewer negative symptoms than those with a schizophrenia-only diagnosis
Discuss the two alternate interpretations that may explain these findings as well as what researchers can do to clarify this issue.
What will be an ideal response?
The results of the meta-analysis described in the text can be explained by two competing interpretations. One interpretation is that people diagnosed with schizophrenia use alcohol/drugs as a coping mechanism to alleviate the presence/intensity of the negative symptoms of schizophrenia. This interpretation lends credence to the self-medication hypothesis. The other interpretation is that people who do not have substance abuse issues already exhibit few/less intense negative symptoms, and therefore they don't require alcohol/drugs to manage their symptoms.
It is difficult to conclusively state which interpretation is correct because the design of the meta-analysis is cross-sectional and correlational. In order to remedy the issue, further research studies should employ experimental and longitudinal designs.
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b. The germ theory of disease had little impact on the popularity of the practice ofembalming the body after death. c. In the 1920s it was the goal of many funeral directors to make the corpse look asthough it were alive. d. None of the above.
Up to the 19th century, care of the sick and dying occurred mainly
a. in hospitals b. at home c. in nursing homes d. in almshouses e. in long-term care facilities
There is some evidence linking antidepressant medication usage with an increase in
A) actual suicide. B) suicide attempts. C) suicidal thoughts. D) all of the above.
How have medical practices in the United States related to pregnancy and childbirth changed since the 1940s and 50s?
A. More use of obstetrical anesthesia B. More freedom in the use of a wide range of drugs during pregnancy C. Greater involvement of fathers during labor and delivery D. Fewer cesarean deliveries