The underground economy
a. includes mining production.
b. is estimated by the government and the estimate is part of official GDP.
c. includes production that uses illegal workers who are paid less than minimum wage.
d. is measured by government officials through tax returns.
e. is difficult to describe but easy to measure.
c
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Until 1863, National Banking was a mix of licensing by state charters, banking done by nonchartered private bankers, and free banking
Indicate whether the statement is true or false
Suppose there are three power-generating plants, each of which has access to 5 different production processes. The table below summarizes the cost of each production process and the corresponding number of tons of smoke emitted each.ProcessABCDE(smoke/day)(4 tons/day)(3 tons/day)(2 tons/day)(1 tons/day)(0 tons/day)Cost to Firm X ($/day)$500$514$530$555$585Cost to Firm Y ($/day)$400$420$445$480$520Cost to Firm Z ($/day)$300$325$360$400$550 The least costly way of lowering smoke emissions from 12 tons to 9 tons per day would be for:
A. Firm X to emit 2 tons, Firm Y to emit 3 tons and Firm Z to emit 4 tons. B. Firm X to emit 1 ton, Firm Y to emit 4 tons and Firm Z to emit 4 tons. C. each firm to reduce emissions by 1 ton, emitting 3 tons each. D. Firm X to emit 4 tons, Firm Y to emit 3 tons and Firm Z to emit 2 tons.
Purposeful behavior means that:
A. people are selfish in their decision making.
B. people weigh costs and benefits to make decisions.
C. people are immune from emotions affecting their decisions.
D. decision makers do not make mistakes when weighing costs and benefits.
Investment increases when there ________ stock prices.
A. a consolidation of B. are deflated C. is a run up in D. are overvalued