The ____ and ____ enable the kidneys to produce urine of varying concentrations and volumes depending on the body's needs

a. Na+-K+ ATPase pump, co-transport carriers
b. juxtaglomerular apparatus, vasa recta
c. podocytes, peritubular capillaries
d. medullary vertical osmotic gradient, vasopressin
e. renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, renal pyramids


D

Anatomy & Physiology

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