Propositional integration:
a. consists of four different types of integrative activity: end-to-end, side-by-side, up-and-down, and cross-level integration.
b. only relies on variables from one perspective.
c. can be seen in Burgess and Akers’s social learning theory and Elliot and associates’ strain-control paradigm.
d. unites individual difference, process-oriented, and structural theories into one coherent formulation.
e. all of the above.
c. can be seen in Burgess and Akers’s social learning theory and Elliot and associates’ strain-control paradigm.
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Prior to today, rehabilitative efforts were tied to ______.
a. political reforms b. religious reforms c. educational reforms d. medical reforms
Accuracy in criminal procedure refers to avoiding two "errors of justice": sanctioning _______________ people and failing to punish the _______________
Fill in the blank(s) with correct word
Community corrections include ______ imposed upon an offender for ______.
A. all non-incarcerating correctional sanctions; the purpose of reintegration B. all incarcerating correctional sanctions; the purpose of reintegration C. all non-incarcerating correctional sanctions; the purpose of recidivism D. all incarcerating correctional sanctions; the purpose of recidivism
In the preliminary investigation, the purpose for immediately separating witnesses is to
a. reduce the possibility of comparing stories. b. help restore order if confusion exists. c. protect the reliability of eyewitness accounts. d. do all of the above. e. do none of the above.