Oligopolies exist and do not attract new rivals because
A) of barriers to entry.
B) there can be no product differentiation.
C) of competition.
D) the firms keep profits and prices so low that no rivals are attracted.
A
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If both real GDP and nominal GDP of a country increased at the same rate in a particular year, which of the following is most likely to have taken place?
a. Output increased and the price level increased b. Output increased and the price level decreased c. Output decreased and the price level increased d. Output decreased and the price level decreased e. Output increased and the price level remained constant
Assume that the expectation of a recession next year causes business investments and household consumption to fall, as well as the financing to support it. If the nation has low mobility international capital markets and a fixed exchange rate system, what happens to the real GDP and reserves account in the context of the Three-Sector-Model? a. Real GDP falls and reserves account becomes more
negative (or less positive). b. Real GDP falls and reserves account remains the same. c. Real GDP and reserves account remain the same. d. Real GDP rises and reserves account remains the same. e. There is not enough information to determine what happens to these two macroeconomic variables.
You have responsibility for economic policy in the country of Freedonia. Recently, the neighboring country of Sylvania has cut off all exports of oranges to Freedonia. George, who is one of your advisors, says that the best way to avoid a shortage of oranges is to take no action at all. Charles, another one of your advisors, argues that without a binding price floor, a shortage will certainly
develop. Otto, a third advisor, suggests that you should impose a binding price ceiling in order to avoid a shortage of oranges. Which of your three advisors is most likely to have studied economics? a. George b. Charles c. Otto d. Apparently, all three advisors have studied economics, but their views on positive economics are different.
Table 5.1National Income Accounts (dollar figures are in billions)Expenditures for consumer goods and services$4,565Exports$740Government purchases of goods and services$1,465Social Security taxes$510Net investment$225Indirect business taxes$520Imports$825Gross investment$865Corporate income taxes$185Personal income taxes$750Corporate retained earnings$45Net foreign factor income$20Government transfer payments to households$690Net interest payments to households$0On the basis of Table 5.1, personal saving is
A. $205 billion. B. $305 billion. C. $1,215 billion. D. $1,130 billion.