Identify the parts of a typical fungal body plan and briefly explain the function of each of the structures you identified. What will be an ideal response?


hyphae: secretion of digestive enzymes and absorption of water and nutrients
sporangia: production of spores
conidiophores: production of conidia
fruiting bodies: complex reproductive structures

Biology & Microbiology

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Calmodulin is involved in the regulation of:

A. skeletal muscle contraction. B. propagation of a nerve impulse across a synapse. C. contraction of smooth muscle. D. propagation of heart muscle contraction to the entire myocardium.

Biology & Microbiology

Which of the following best describes the sexual life cycle of bread mold?

A. (1) Multinucleate gametangi are produced and compatible strains undergo plasmogeny, and form (2) a heterokaryotic zygosporangium. (3) Karyogamy of the haploid nuclei takes place to form many diploid nuclei and the zygosporangium develops into a thick-walled zygospore. (4) Meiosis occurs and produces many haploid spores, that (5) are dispersed in air and germinate when finding a suitable environment. B. (1) Multinucleate gametangi are produced and compatible strains undergo karyogamy and plasmogamy, and form (2) a heterokaryotic zygosporangium. (3) Meiosis of the diploid nuclei takes place to form many haploid nuclei and the zygosporangium develops into a thick-walled zygospore. (4) Fusion of haploid nuclei occurs and produces spores, that (5) are dispersed in air and germinate when finding a suitable environment. C. (1) Uninucleate gametangi are produced and compatible strains undergo plasmogeny and form (2) a dikaryotic zygosporangium. (3) Karyogamy forms a diploid nucleus and the zygosporangium develops into a thick-walled zygospore. (4) Meiosis of diploic nuclei occurs and produces four haploid spores, that (5) are dispersed in air and germinate when finding a suitable environment. D. (1) Multinucleate zygosporangia develop thick walls and undergo plasmogamy with compatible strains (2) to form a heterokaryotic gametangium. (3) Karyogamy of the haploid nuclei takes place to form many diploid nuclei and they develop into thick-walled spores. (4) These undergo plasmogamy and produce diploid spores, that (5) are dispersed in air and germinate when finding a suitable environment. E. (1) Multinucleate gametangi with diploid nuclei are produced and compatible strains undergo meiosis (2) to produce a heterokaryotic zygosporangium with haploid nuclei. (3) Karyogamy of these nuclei takes place to form diploid nuclei that have a dark, thick wall. (4) These develop into spores, that (5) are dispersed in air and germinate when finding a suitable environment.

Biology & Microbiology

Identify the non-lipid molecule.

A. Phospholipids B. Cholesterol C. Steroids D. Glycogen E. Triglycerides

Biology & Microbiology

Distinguish between quantitative and qualitative variation

What will be an ideal response?

Biology & Microbiology