Why do we have octal and hexadecimal arithmetic?
What will be an ideal response?
Computers operate with base 2 arithmetic. However, it is difficult for people to handle binary numbers (for example 
because binary numbers involve long strings of bits and we are not good at remembering long sequences. Hexadecimal arithmetic has 16 digits from 0 to F representing 4 binary bits. Therefore, a binary number can be easily represented in hexadecimal form by replacing each four bits by a hexadecimal character. For example, 
(easier for people to remember than 000100101010).
Octal arithmetic uses base 8 with the digits 0 to 7. Each octal digit replaces three bits. It has the same advantage as hexadecimal numbers; for example the binary number 111101011 is 753 in octal. However, octal arithmetic is hardly used today.
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