The nurse would anticipate the use of hypertonic IV solutions for which of the following clients?
1. The client in diabetic ketoacidosis
2. The client with chronic renal failure
3. The client with congestive heart failure
4. The client with hypotension
4
Rationale: The use of hypertonic solutions in the hypotensive client works by pulling fluid out of the intracellular space and expanding the circulating blood volume, thereby causing a rise in blood pressure. The use of hypertonic solutions would be contraindicated in clients with diabetic ketoacidosis, chronic renal failure, and congestive heart failure because these clients would not be able to tolerate the increased fluid volume that would result in the intravascular space.
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The nurse informs the patient who is a heavy smoker and may have dysplasia of epithelial cells in the bronchi that:
A) This is harmless, as lung tissue regenerates. B) Dysplastic cells may become malignant. C) Surgery is often required for this condition. D) Dysplasia may cause scar tissue.
During community lunch, a manic patient tells another patient, "Push yourself away from the table. You're too fat for your own good!" How should the nurse intervene?
a. Say to the patient, "You may remain at lunch only if you apologize." b. Tell the patient, "You must leave lunch and go to your room now." c. Calmly tell the patient that insulting others is not permitted. d. Extinguish the behavior by ignoring it.
An outpatient who has chronic heart failure returns to the clinic after 2 weeks of therapy with metoprolol (Toprol XL). Which assessment finding is most important for the nurse to report to the health care provider?
a. 2+ pedal edema b. Heart rate of 56 beats/minute c. Blood pressure (BP) of 88/42 mm Hg d. Complaints of fatigue
The major outcome of the White House Conference of 1909 was the:
a. Formulation of guidelines for child labor b. Formation of the Children's Bureau c. Founding of the free lunch program for needy schoolchildren d. Recommendation of an inoculation schedule for children