Older adults are at risk for dehydration because of reduced thirst and aging kidneys. What should the nurse assess as an early indicator of dehydration?
a. Reduced skin turgor
b. Constipation
c. Concentrated urine
d. Disorientation
B
Because older adults have poor skin turgor and urine concentration is difficult to assess, consti-pation is the earliest indicator of a fluid deficit.
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A patient, age 39, has been receiving chemotherapy for treatment of her cancer of the breast. She has a white blood cell count of 1,600/mm3 . A person who has leukopenia has a special need for which nursing intervention?
a. Provision of adequate fluid intake b. Protection from falls c. Protection against infection d. Limitation of activities
Which characteristic about pain would the nurse most consider when developing a pain management plan for a patient with chronic lower back pain?
a. An objective experience that disrupts daily living that can be measured with altered vital signs b. An unpleasant sensory and emotional experience association with actual or potential tissue damage, or described in terms of such damage c. A generalized response of the body as a result of trauma or damage to the tissues resulting in discomfort d. An emotional response to tissue damage that differs significantly from one individual to another
Which of the following statements about therapeutic massage is TRUE?
a. A back rub administered by a nurse in the hospital is not considered to be therapeutic massage. b. Localized massage should be considered for clients with varicose veins, phlebitis, or thrombus. c. Many states do not have licensing require-ments for massage practitioners. d. Massage should be used with caution in clients with certain illnesses and disease processes in which increased circulation may be harmful.
A student nurse is having difficulty establishing relationships with patients. What should this student be counseled to do?
1. Focus on the purpose of a therapeutic alliance. 2. Study cognitive theory. 3. Review the concepts of caring. 4. Develop self-awareness to focus on being helpful to patients.