How did the Crusades affect Italian cities?
A) The cities united to revive the Roman Empire.
B) The cities became centers of inter-regional trade.
C) The cities were turned into Latin principalities.
D) The cities were conquered by Muslim crusaders.
B
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Because of the creation of a republic in the United States, the first half of the nineteenth century was a period of
a. revolutionary change in most European states. b. democratic reforms by European governments. c. retreat from democratic reforms by European governments. d. militarism and totalitarianism in Europe.
In the fourteenth century, people who began to question the authority of the international church and its clergy used all the following arguments except that the
a. pope had no authority over kings. b. state needed no guidance from the papacy. c. clergy was not above secular law. d. pope was indeed the Antichrist. e. church was only a spiritual body whose power does not extend to the political realm.
Which of the following is true of "black laws" passed by many Midwestern states in the 1850s?
a. These laws prohibited gambling of any kind and imposed strict penalties against bookmakers. b. These laws prohibited African Americans from living within the border of such states. c. These laws prevented the return of runaway slaves to their southern owners. d. These laws provided financial incentives to free black laborers willing to become permanent residents.
The Grameen Bank in Bangladesh was opened in order to
a. Borrow money to develop nuclear weapons b. Create a new form of Islamic banking c. Provide small loans to peasant women d. Conform to IMF recommendations e. Help Bangladesh obtain outsourced jobs from the U.S.