Which muscles are found in the walls of small blood vessels and airways?
a. cardiac and smooth
b. cardiac and skeletal
c. smooth and skeletal
d. only skeletal
e. only smooth
ANSWER: e
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There are cases in which a person inherits a very high susceptibility to cancer. A woman who is heterozygous for a mutation in the BRCA1 gene has one functional allele that helps to suppress tumor formation and one nonfunctional allele of the same gene
She has a 50-70% chance of developing breast cancer before age 70. A tumor is likely to form when a cell "loses heterozygosity" at the BRCA1 gene. This will happen if: A. germ cells in the affected individual develop a mutation in the remaining functional allele of BRCA1. B. a somatic mutation in a breast cell inactivates the remaining functional BRCA1 allele. C. a silent mutation occurs in the remaining functional BRCA1 allele.
A euryhaline species can tolerate:
a. a wide range of temperatures. b. a narrow range of temperatures. c. a wide range of salinities. d. a narrow range of salinities.
What is the function of the nodes of Ranvier?
a. regenerate resting membrane potential after an action potential b. reduce current leakage from unmyelinated axon regions c. speed up action potential propagation by salutatory conduction d. store excess sodium and potassium ions between action potentials
Which hypothesis suggests that organic molecules formed near Earth's surface in pools of water?
a. clay hypothesis b. iron-clay hypothesis c. organic broth hypothesis d. prebiotic soup hypothesis e. iron-sulfur world hypothesis