Using the Atkinson and Shiffrin model of memory, describe the capacity, the durability, and the typical form of information storage in each of the three human memory systems
What will be an ideal response?
Sensory memory preserves information in its original sensory form for a brief time, usually just a fraction of a second. If a stimulus is perceived, attended to, and processed by this system, it is transferred to short-term memory for further processing.
Short-term memory holds 5 to 9 "chunks" of unrehearsed information for about 20 seconds. The capacity and duration of short term memory can be enhanced through chunking and rehearsal, respectively. Baddeley conceptualized STM as working memory because people not only store but also manipulate (work with) information in STM to solve problems and make decisions.
Long-term memory has a virtually unlimited capacity to hold information over an indefinite period of time. Some researchers have asserted that storage in LTM is permanent, while others have cited the innaccuracies of flashbulb memories as evidence that storage is not necessary permanent.
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Describe the so-called "scapegoat theory" of prejudice. What evidence is there for this theory? How else might this evidence be interpreted?
What will be an ideal response?
The independent variable matches which of the following ANOVA terms?
a. Treatment effect b. Factor c. Level d. Mean square
As an African American, Sanyu is aware of the negative stereotypes regarding racial differences in intelligence. If he experiences stereotype threat while taking an intelligence test, it is likely that
A) Sanyu's self-conscious awareness of the stereotype may worsen his test performance. B) Sanyu's test score will be unaffected but he will feel uncomfortable throughout the test. C) Sanyu's awareness of the stereotype will motivate him to excel on the test. D) Sanyu will return the test to the administrator completely blank.
Which of the following is an example of a child recognizing that people can have multiple or opposing selves?
a. Kimberly observed that Jenny, her very best friend, could also be her worst enemy at times. b. Sam was shocked to hear that his brother was good at playing both baseball and basketball. c. Amy realized that her mother was not only her mom, but she was also a daughter herself. d. Tyler agreed that scary movies can be both scary and fun at the same time.