The home health nurse is caring for a patient with chronic renal failure. Which assessment finding(s) indicate(s) that the patient is experiencing uremic syndrome? (select all that apply.)
a. Restless legs
b. Dry, scaly skin
c. Crystals in the eyebrows
d. Muscle cramps
e. Hypotension
A, B, C, D
Uremia or uremic syndrome signs generally appear when blood urea nitrogen (BUN) concentra-tion passes 100 mg/dL. Complaints about restless legs syndrome are frequent, and the leg dis-comfort may interfere with sleep. The skin becomes dry, scaly, and a pallid yellowish gray. Uremic frost (a late sign) appears as evaporated sweat leaves urea crystals on the eyebrows. Cal-cium is not absorbed from the intestinal tract, and this leads to the loss of calcium from the body and a corresponding drop in serum calcium. If the hypocalcemia is not corrected, the patient will eventually suffer from muscle cramps, twitching, and possibly seizures. The patient is usually hypertensive rather than hypotensive.
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A) True B) False
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