Which of the following occur during a sympathetic nervous system response? (Select all that apply.)
a. Dilation of bronchioles
b. Decrease in peristalsis
c. Increase in salivary gland secretion
d. Decrease in heart rate to normal
e. Relaxation of bladder
ANS: A, B, E
When the sympathetic nervous system is activated, the heart rate increases, vasodilation in skeletal muscles supplies them with more oxygen, the bronchioles dilate to take in more air, and the liver changes glycogen to glucose to provide energy. Relatively less important activities such as digestion (and salivation) are slowed, and vasoconstriction in the skin and viscera permits greater blood flow to more vital organs such as the brain, heart, and muscles. The bladder muscle relaxes, and the sphincter constricts to prevent urination.
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