A nursing student has been asked to correlate her clinical experiences with two different theories of nursing. The student will recognize that which of the following concepts are common to all theories of nursing? Select all that apply
A) The client
B) The environment
C) Illness
D) Needs
E) Nursing
Ans: A, B, E
While nursing theories vary significantly in their conceptualizations, the elements that are common to all include the client (person), the environment, health, and nursing. The concepts of needs and illness are addressed by some theories but these are not explicitly defined by other theories.
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