An infant presents with lethargy in the newborn nursery on the second day of life. On further examination, vital signs are stable but muscle tone is slightly decreased, with sluggish reflexes noted
Other physical characteristics are noted as being normal. Lab tests reveal a decreased hematocrit and increased blood sugar. The nurse suspects that the infant may be exhibiting signs and symptoms of:
a. RDS.
b. PIVH.
c. BPD.
d. ROP.
ANS: B
IVH or PIVH (intraventricular hemorrhage or periventricular hemorrhage) can be seen during the first week of life. Signs and symptoms are based on the extent of hemorrhage. Typically, one would see lethargy, decreased muscle tone and reflexes, decreased hematocrit, hyperglycemia, acidosis, and seizures. If the newborn had RDS or BPD, there would be more respiratory symptoms exhibited. If the infant had ROP, there would be signs and symptoms related to the eyes. Other physical characteristics are reported as being normal.
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