While caring for a client with increased intracranial pressure (IICP), a family member asks to assist. Which interventions are appropriate for the nurse to teach the family member regarding this client's care?
Select all that apply.
A) The head of the bed should be elevated to 30 degrees.
B) The client should remain in a supine position.
C) The family should use slow, gentle movements when repositioning the client.
D) The client should be repositioned as needed.
E) Patients with ICP should remain in a stationary position.
Answer: A, C, D
Patients with increased ICP should be repositioned slowly and with gentle movements, because rapid changes can cause the pressure to increase. The head of the bed should be elevated. The degree depends on the reaction of the client to the position; 30 degrees is usually appropriate, but this can vary by the client. Patients with IICP must not remain stationary, but position changes should be done less frequently than for other clients because turning, skin care, and passive range of motion exercises can elicit posturing, which also causes increased ICP.
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