Discuss the main premises and goals of person-centered and existential counseling. How are these theories similar to and different from Gestalt therapy?
What will be an ideal response?
Person-centered, existential, and gestalt therapies:
• Person-centered
• Phenomenological perspective
• Self- theory
• Empathy, congruence, and positive regard
• Self-actualization
• Internal locus of control
• Existential Counseling
• People form their lives by the choices they make
• Meaning goes beyond self-actualization and exists of three levels: ultimate meanings, meaning of the moment, and common day-to-day meaning
• Gestalt Therapy
• Self-actualization
• Antideterministic view
• Unfinished business
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Common topics for marriage encounter, enrichment, and education programs include communication skills and conflict resolution
Indicate whether the statement is true or false
Volunteers are effective crisis line workers because they
a. don't have preconceived notions about what to do. b. are seen as having more credibility because they do it out of the goodness of their hearts. c. are highly trained in one particular modality of counseling. d. all of the above are reason volunteers are effective.
Which of the following would NOT be a goal of a Gestalt therapist who is prescribing experimentation?
a. Clarifying the dimensions of the situation. b. Sharing his or her expertise at problem-solving by suggesting a solution to the problem. c. Calling forth awareness of how experiences are interrupted or regulated. d. Staying with a strong impression until it comes into focus. e. Making the experience vivid.
Person-centered theory states that psychological distress is experienced when discrepancy exists between the total experience of the organism and the self-concept. This discrepancy is referred to as
a. incongruence b. conditional regard c. diminished empathy d. a paradox