In teaching the parent of a newly diagnosed 2-year-old child with pyelonephritis related to vesicoureteral reflux (VUR), the nurse should include which information?
a. Limit fluids to reduce reflux.
b. Give cranberry juice twice a day.
c. Have siblings examined for VUR.
d. Surgery is indicated to reverse scarring.
ANS: C
Siblings are at high risk for VUR. The incidence of reflux in siblings is approximately 36%. The other children should be screened for early detection and to potentially reduce scarring. Fluids are not reduced. The efficacy of cranberry juice in reducing infection in children has not been established. Surgery may be necessary for higher grades of VUR, but the scarring is not reversible.
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