How are pathogenic microorganisms different from nonpathogenic microorganisms?
A. Pathogenic microorganisms are viruses and nonpathogenic microorganisms are bacteria.
B. Pathogenic microorganisms are invasive and nonpathogenic microorganisms live on body surfaces.
C. Pathogenic microorganisms are responsible for life-threatening illnesses that must be treated and nonpathogenic microorganisms are responsible for diseases that resolve spontaneously.
D. Pathogenic microorganisms cause symptomatic disease upon exposure in people who are immunocompetent or immunodeficient, whereas nonpathogenic organ-isms only cause symptomatic disease in people who are immunodeficient.
D
Nonpathogenic organisms either are present as part of the normal environment and are kept in check by normal immune function or, if they occur in the environment, do not induce a recog-nizable disease upon infecting an immunocompetent person. Only when immune function is de-pressed are such organisms capable of causing infection.
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