Which of the following is a proposed hypothesis for the origin of genetic information?
a. Early DNA molecules coded for RNA, which then catalyzed the production of proteins.
b. Early polypeptides were the first "genes," followed by RNA and then DNA.
c. As protocells grew and split, they distributed copies of their molecules to their offspring.
d. Early RNA molecules coded for the order of amino acids in a polypeptide.
e. Short RNA strands were capable of self-replication and evolved by natural selection.
Answer: e. Short RNA strands were capable of self-replication and evolved by natural selection.
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Bacteroids are terminally differentiated-they can neither divide nor revert back to the nondifferentiated state.
Answer the following statement true (T) or false (F)
Hydrophobic reactions of phospholipids can produce
clusters of their fatty-acid tails to form a. a lipid bilayer. b. hydrolysis of the fatty acids. c. a protein membrane. d. a cytoskeleton. e. a nonpolar membrane.
The plant hormone that promotes fruit ripening is
a. auxin. b. gibberellin. c. cytokinin. d. abscisic acid. e. ethylene.
In solution, why do hydrolysis reactions occur more readily than condensation reactions?
A) Hydrolysis increases entropy and is exergonic. B) Hydrolysis raises G, or Gibbs free energy. C) Hydrolysis decreases entropy and is exergonic. D) Hydrolysis increases entropy and is endergonic.