Vygotsky believed that language is instrumental in advancing a child's thinking, specifically through private speech and social mediation. Explain each of these two methods of advancing thinking, and offer an example of each
What will be an ideal response?
Children's thinking is advanced through private speech and social mediation. Private
speech is the internal dialogue that people use when developing ideas, explaining
events to themselves, and so forth. Social mediation is a technique in which thinking
is extended through formal or informal teaching. Various examples of private speech
and social mediation will be offered.
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A group of psychologists is conducting research to determine whether people eat more when they are in the presence of environmental stimuli that increase anxiety, such as loud noises or flashing lights. These scientists MOST likely follow
a. the behavioral perspective. b. the psychodynamic perspective. c. the humanistic perspective. d. the functionalist perspective.
Which of the following is a true statement about assessment and professional orientation?
A. Regardless of whether a therapist is behaviorally or psychodynamically oriented, the same basic assessment procedures are employed. B. The focus of the assessment will be largely determined by the professional orientation of the clinician. C. While some assessment procedures will vary, a biological screening and the administration of a personality test are components of all assessments. D. The assessment techniques employed will serve to reveal the causal factors that are most consistent with the clinician's orientation.
Some evolutionary psychologists posit the existence of ingroup and outgroup modules as innate structures in the mind based on . . .
a. How effortlessly we classify people as members of one or the other b. Prejudicial attitudes toward outgroups, which are more easily expressed when a person is reminded of his ingroup status c. How readily we perceive outgroup members to be threats to our existence d. All of the above
You are about to give your first speech. You are nervous and hope you don't do something foolish in front of the whole class. The presence of the class is not likely to facilitate your performance due to
a. social pressure. c. deindividuation. b. evaluation apprehension. d. diffusion of responsibility.