The nurse is caring for a client with renal failure whose blood gas reflects a pH of 7.21. Which of the following is correct regarding the hydrogen ion and acid?base balance?
1. As the hydrogen ion concentration increases, the pH decreases.
2. As the hydrogen ion concentration increases, the pH increases.
3. As the hydrogen ion concentration decreases, the pH decreases.
4. When present in proper concentration, the hydrogen ion maintains the normal pH of the body between 6.8 and 7.8.
As the hydrogen ion concentration increases, the pH decreases.
Rationale: The pH reflects the negative logarithm of the hydrogen ion concentration; therefore, as the hydrogen ion concentration increases, the pH decreases. As the hydrogen ion decreases, the pH increases. The normal pH is 7.35 to 7.45.
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