Positive reinforcers increase the probability of a behavior whereas negative reinforcers decrease the probability of a behavior
a. true
b. false
Answer: b. false
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An experimenter finds that a certain male subject always has an increased heartbeat when he sees a picture of a nude female
The experimenter sounds a buzzer and then presents such a picture. The experimenter repeats this procedure until the man responds with an increased heartbeat to the sound of the buzzer alone. In this situation the CONDITIONED response is the ________. a. increased heartbeat b. nude female's picture c. sounds of the buzzer d. viewing of the picture
Phenomenology goes against other schools of thought that state the ______________ knows best
Fill in the blank(s) with the appropriate word(s).
The reinforcing effects of alcohol may be due to __________.
A. decreased activity within the ventral tegmental area B. indirect antagonism of NMDA receptors C. inhibition of the limbic system D. increased activation of GABAA receptors
_________ involves facilitating confrontation of feared objects, situations, images, and things that are associated with the traumatic event
Fill in the blank(s) with the appropriate word(s).