What is magmatic differentiation? How might this process lead to the formation of several different igneous rocks from a single magma?
What will be an ideal response?
As crystals form from a cooling melt, they selectively remove certain elements from the magma; this is magmatic differentiation. As this occurs, it leaves the remaining liquid portion of the melt depleted in the elements that have been removed by the formation of certain minerals. Should those first minerals that crystallize settle or the remaining melt inject into a fracture or erupt, the minerals that crystallize from that remaining melt will be of a different composition than the first minerals to form, resulting in different igneous rock originating from the same initial melt.
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