If a researcher concludes that the independent variable did not cause the dependent variable, it might be because the causal relationship really does not exist between the variables, or it may be that _____
a. alpha was set too low c. the researcher made a Type II error
b. the power of the experiment is too low d. all of these could be true
D
There are many reasons for failing to reject the null hypothesis.
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Cross-cultural studies suggest that Kohlberg's theory of moral development, as well as the methods for scoring moral stages according to verbal reasoning, may not recognize higher levels of morality as defined in some cultures
a) True b) False
Taking college courses ________, which supports the conclusion that ________.
A. leads to improvements in formal reasoning related to course content; formal operations emerge in all contexts at once B. leads to improvements in formal reasoning related to course content; formal operations are specific to situation and task C. has no measurable impact on formal operational reasoning; formal operations emerge in all contexts at once D. has no measurable impact on formal operational reasoning; formal operations are specific to situation and task
Baby Manny discovered how to use a stick to get toys that were out of reach. According to Piaget, Manny's behavior would best be described as a ________ circular reaction.
a. tertiary b. secondary c. primary d. reflexive
If the first light is exactly twice as bright as the second light physically, how will it appear? a. It will appear to be half as bright
b. It will appear to be brighter, but less than twice as bright. c. It will appear to be twice as bright. d. It will appear to be more than twice as bright.